What is E-liquid?
Composition, PG/VG Ratios & Irish TPD Standards
E-liquid (also known as vape liquid) is a formulated solution used in regulated vaping devices. It is heated by a coil to produce an aerosol. This guide explains composition, nicotine limits, PG/VG ratios and Irish regulatory standards. This content is intended for adult users (18+) and does not provide medical advice.
Regulatory Standards in Ireland (TPD Framework)
- Maximum nicotine strength: 20 mg/ml
- Maximum nicotine bottle size: 10 ml
- Refillable pod/tank limit: typically 2 ml
- Mandatory warning labels for nicotine-containing products
All nicotine-containing e-liquids supplied in Ireland must comply with EU Tobacco Products Directive (TPD) requirements.
Core Components of E-Liquid
| Component | Function | Technical Characteristics |
|---|---|---|
| Propylene Glycol (PG) | Flavor carrier | Lower viscosity, sharper throat sensation, suitable for MTL devices |
| Vegetable Glycerin (VG) | Vapor production base | Higher viscosity, denser vapor output, suited for higher airflow systems |
| Flavorings | Taste profile | Food-grade flavor compounds formulated for vaporisation use |
| Nicotine (optional) | Active stimulant | Limited to 20 mg/ml under Irish/EU rules |
PG / VG Ratio – Practical Performance Matrix
| Ratio | Best Device Type | Vapor Output | Throat Sensation | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 50/50 | MTL Pod Systems | Moderate | Balanced | Common for nicotine salts |
| 60/40 – 70/30 VG | RDL Pods / Pod-Mod | Higher | Smoother | Requires adequate wicking ports |
| 70%+ VG | DTL Tanks | Dense vapor | Milder throat feel | Higher liquid consumption |
Nicotine Strength Guide (Ireland-Compliant)
- 0 mg – Nicotine-free
- 3–6 mg – Lower strength freebase
- 10 mg – Nicotine salt (common in pods)
- 12–18 mg – Higher strength freebase
- 20 mg – Maximum permitted under Irish/EU rules
Frequently Asked Questions
Is vaping allowed everywhere in Ireland?
Policies vary by venue. Many indoor environments apply smoke-free style restrictions. Always follow local signage and workplace rules.
Can e-liquid expire?
Most e-liquids have a manufacture date and recommended use period. Store in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight.
Can I mix my own e-liquid?
DIY mixing should only be done using ingredients intended for vaping use. Handle nicotine carefully and follow Irish retail compliance limits.
Does nicotine in e-liquid cause dependence?
Nicotine is an addictive substance. Nicotine-containing products are intended for adult users (18+) only.
Safety & Compliance Notice (Ireland)
This guide is provided for educational and technical reference purposes. Products are intended for adult users (18+). Always follow manufacturer instructions for device operation and battery safety.